Click Tips and Trick

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">  <br /><div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%;"> </span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%;">E-LEARNING</span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1. Apa yang dimaksud dengan e-learning ?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Apa keunggulan belajar dengan e-learning ?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;"><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Apakah kendala dari e-learning ?</span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;"><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">mari kita bahas satu persatu jawabannya </span></div><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b> <br /><div align="center" class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>E-learning</b></span>  <b></b>merupakan bentuk pembelajaran/pelatihan jarak jauh yang memanfaatkan teknologi telekomunikasi dan informasi , misalnya internet, video/audiobroadcasting, video/audioconferencing, CD-ROOM (secara langsung dan tidak langsung). Kegiatan e-learning termasuk dalam model pembelajaran individual. Menurut Loftus (2001) dalam Siahaan (2004) kegiatan e-learning lebih bersifat demokratis dibandingkan dengan kegiatan belajar pada pendidikan konvensional, karena peserta didik memiliki kebebasan dan tidak merasa khawatir atau ragu-ragu maupun takut, baik untuk mengajukan pertanyaan maupun menyampaikan pendapat/tanggapan karena tidak ada peserta belajar lainnya yang secara fisik langsung mengamati dan kemungkinan akan memberikan komentar, meremehkan, atau mencemoohkan pertanyaan maupun pernyataannya.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Profil peserta e-learning adalah seseorang yang :</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(1) mempunyai motivasi belajar mandiri yang tinggi dan memiliki komitmen untuk belajar secara bersungguh-sungguh karena tanggung jawab belajar sepenuhnya berada pada diri peserta belajar itu sendiri</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(2) senang belajar dan melakukan kajian-kajian, gemar membaca demi pengembangan diri terus menerus, dan yang menyenangi kebebasan</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(3)mengalami kegagalan dalam mata pelajaran tertentu di sekolah konvensional dan </span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">membutuhkan penggantinya, atau yang membutuhkan materi pelajaran tertentu yang tidak disajikan oleh sekolah konvensional setempat maupun yang ingin mempercepat kelulusan sehingga mengambil beberapa mata pelajaran lainnya melalui e-learning, serta yang terpaksa tidak dapat meninggalkan rumah karena berbagai pertimbangan</span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 3.75pt 0cm 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">FUNGSI DAN PENYELENGGARAAN E-LEARNING</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menurut Siahaan (2004), setidaknya ada 3 (tiga) fungsi pembelajaran elektronik terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran di dalam kelas (classroom instruction) :<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /></span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Suplemen (tambahan)</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dikatakan berfungsi sebagai suplemen apabila peserta didik mempunyai kebebasan memilih, apakah akan memanfaatkan materi pembelajaran elektronik atau tidak. Dalam hal ini tidak ada kewajiban/keharusan bagi peserta didik untuk mengakses materi pembelajaran elektronik. Sekalipun sifatnya opsional, peserta didik yang memanfaatkannya tentu akan memiliki tambahan pengetahuan atau wawasan<br /></span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Komplemen (pelengkap)</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />Dikatakan berfungsi sebagai komplemen apabila materi pembelajaran elektronik diprogramkan untuk melengkapi materi pembelajaran yang diterima peserta didik di dalam kelas. Sebagai <b>komplemen</b> berarti materi pembelajaran elektronik diprogramkan untuk melengkapi materi pengayaan atau remedial. Dikatakan sebagai <b>pengayaan (enrichment) </b>apabila kepada peserta didik yang dapat dengan cepat menguasai/ memahami materi pelajaran yang disampaikan pada saat tatap muka diberi kesempatan untuk mengakses materi pembelajaran elektronik yang memang secara khusus dikembangkan untuk mereka. Tujuannya agar semakin memantapkan tingkat penguasaan terhadap materi pelajaran yang telah diterima di kelas. Dikatakan sebagai </span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">program remedial,</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> apabila peserta didik yang mengalami kesulitan memahami materi pelajaran pada saat tatap muka diberikan kesempatan untuk memanfaatkan materi pembelajaran elektronik yang memang secara khusus dirancang untuk mereka. Tujuannya agar peserta didik semakin mudah memahami materi pelajaran yang disajikan di kelas.</span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Substitusi (pengganti)</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />Dikatakan sebagai substitusi apabila e-learning dilakukan sebagai pengganti kegiatan belajar, misalnya dengan menggunakan model-model kegiatan pembelajaran. Ada 3 (tiga) alternatif model yang dapat dipilih, yakni : (1) sepenuhnya secara tatap muka (konvensional), (2) sebagian secara tatap muka dan sebagian lagi melalui internet, atau bahkan (3) sepenuhnya melalui internet.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ada beberapa pertimbangan untuk menggunakan e-learning dewasa ini, antara lain :</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a. harga perangkat komputer semakin lama semakin terjangkau (tidak lagi diperlakukan sebagai barang mewah).<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b. Peningkatan kemampuan perangkat komputer dalam mengolah data lebih cepat dan kapasitas penyimpanan data semakin besar<br />c. Memperluas akses atau jaringan komunikasi<br />d. Memperpendek jarah dan mempermudah komunikasi<br />e. Mempermudah pencarian atau penelusuran informasi melalui internet.</span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SYARAT, KEUNGGULAN DAN KENDALA E-LEARNING</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Syarat-Syarat E-learning</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menurut Newsletter of ODLQC, 2001 (dalam Siahaan) syarat-syarat kegiatan pembelajaran elektronik (e-learning) adalah :</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>a. kegiatan pembelajaran dilakukan melalui pemanfaatan jaringan dalam hal ini internet.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>b. Tersedianya dukungan layanan belajar yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh peserta belajar, misalnya CD-ROM atau bahan cetak</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>c. tersedianya dukungan layanan tutor yang dapat membantu peserta belajar apabila mengalami kesulitan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>d. adanya lembaga yang menyelenggarakan/mengelola kegiatan e-learning</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>e. adanya sikap positif pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan terhadap teknologi komputer dan internet</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>f. adanya rancangan sistem pembelajaran yang dapat dipelajari/diketahui oleh setiap peserta belajar</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>g. adanya sistem evaluasi terhadap kemajuan atau perkembangan belajar peserta belajar</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">       </span>h. adanya mekanisme umpan balik yang dikembangkan oleh lembaga penyelenggara</span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%;"> Selain itu dalam Sembel, 2004, hal-hal yang perlu ada untuk “menghidupkan” e-learning adalah :</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a. Subject Matter Expert (SME), merupakan nara sumber dari pembelajaran yang disampaikan.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b. Instructional Designer (ID), bertugas untuk secara sistematis mendesain materi dari SME menjadi materi e-learning dengan memasukkan metode pengajaran agar materi menjadi lebih interaktif, lebih mudah, dan lebih menarik untuk dipelajari.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c. Graphic Designer (GD), bertugas untuk mengubah materi teks menjadi bentuk grafis dengan gambar, warna, dan layout yang enak dipandang, efektif, dan menarik untuk dipelajari.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d. Learning Management System (LMS), bertugas mengelola sistem di website yang mengatur lalu lintas interaksi antara instruktur dengan siswa, antarsiswa dengan siswa lainnya, serta hal lain yang berhubungan dengan pembelajaran, seperti tugas, nilai, dan peringkat ketercapaian belajar siswa.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Keunggulan e-learning</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">E-learning dapat dengan cepat diterima dan kemudian diadopsi adalah karena memiliki kelebihan/keunggulan sebagai berikut (Effendi, 2005) :</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a. Pengurangan biaya</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b. Fleksibilitas. Dapat belajar kapan dan dimana saja, selama terhubung dengan internet.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c. Personalisasi. Siswa dapat belajar sesuai dengan kemampuan belajar mereka.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d. Standarisasi. Dengan e-learning mengatasi adanya perbedaan yang berasal dari guru, seperti : cara mengajarnya, materi dan penguasaan materi yang berbeda, sehingga memberikan standar kualitas yang lebih konsisten.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e. Efektivitas. Suatu studi oleh J.D Fletcher menunjukkan bahwa tingkat retensi dan aplikasi dari pelajaran melalui metode e-learning meningkat sebanyak 25 % dibandingkan pelatihan yang menggunakan cara tradisional</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f. Kecepatan. Kecepatan distribusi materi pelajaran akan meningkat, karena pelajaran tersebut dapat dengan cepat disampaikan melalui internet.</span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kendala-kendala e-learning</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kendala atau hambatan dalam penyelenggaraan e-learning, yaitu (Effendi, 2005) :</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a. Investasi. Walaupun e-learning pada akhirnya dapat menghemat biaya pendidikan, akan tetapi memerlukan investasi yang sangat besar pada permulaannya.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b. Budaya. Pemanfaatan e-learning membutuhkan budaya belajar mandiri dan kebiasaan untuk belajar atau mengikuti pembelajaran melalui komputer.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c. Teknologi dan infrastruktur. E-learning membutuhkan perangkat komputer, jaringan handal, dan teknologi yang tepat.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d. Desain materi. Penyampaian materi melalui e-learning perlu dikemas dalam bentuk yang learner-centric. Saat ini masih sangat sedikit instructional designer yang berpengalaman dalam membuat suatu paket pelajaran e-learning yang memadai.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kekurangan E-Learning</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sebagaimana asal kata dari e-learning yang terdiri dari e (elektronik) dan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">learning (belajar), maka system ini juga mempunyai kekurangan, antara lain :</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Bagi orang yang gagap teknologi, system ini belum bisa diterapkan.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Keterbatasan jumlah computer yang dimiliki oleh sekolah juga menghambat</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pelaksanaan e-learning.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Kehadiran guru sebagai makhluk yang dapat berinteraksi secara langsung dengan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">para murid telah menghilang dari ruang-ruang elektronik e-learning ini.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kelemahan lain dalam e-learning yang sering menjadi pembicaraan, antara lain kemungkinan adanya kecurangan, plagiasi, dan pelanggaran hak cipta. Kuldep.<br />Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan e-learning juga harus membutuhkan jaringan internet untuk pembelajaran jarak jauh. </span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DAMPAK DAN PEMBIAYAAN E-LEARNING</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Para pelajar merasakan sensasi belajar yang benar-benar berbeda dibandingkan kelas konvensional. Akses mereka terhadap informasi juga meningkat dengan drastis. Selain itu, para pelajar juga dapat memilih sendiri cara belajar yang dirasa paling cocok dengan kepribadian mereka ketika mengikuti kelas e-learning. Para pendidik merasakan dampak dari penggunaan e-learning terhadap metode pengajaran yang digunakan. Mereka perlu melakukan adaptasi dalam cara pengajaran yang disampaikan yang tentunya berbeda dengan metode konvensional. Selain itu juga diperlukan keahlian dalam menyediakan materi pembelajaran yang menarik untuk digunakan melalui sistem e-learning dan menggunakan fitur-fitur yang disediakan pada sistem e-learning dengan optimal dan efisien. Institusi pendidikan juga merasakan dampak dari penggunaan e-learning, khususnya dalam hal biaya penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Institusi juga bertanggung jawab untuk mengadakan pelatihan kepada para tenaga pengajarnya dan menyediakan teknologi atau media yang menjadi landasan dari sistem e-learning yang digunakan.Segi pembiayaan adalah salah satu perhatian utama bagi pihak yang. Adanya masalah biaya ini menyebabkan beberapa institusi pendidikan yang memiliki keterbatasan finansial memilih untuk bekerja sama dengan institusi pendidikan lain atau perusahaan penyedia layanan pengembangan sistem e-learning </span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TEKNOLOGI PENDUKUNG E-LEARNING</span></b><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Di antara banyak fasilitas internet, menurut Onno W. Purbo (1997), “ada lima</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">aplikasi standar internet yang dapat digunakan untuk keperluan pendidikan, yaitu email, Mailing </span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">List (milis), News group, File Transfer Protocol (FTC), dan World</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Wide Web (WWW)”.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sedangkan Rosenberg (2001) mengkatagorikan tiga kriteria dasar yang ada</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">dalam e-learning.</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.)</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">    </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e-learning bersifat jaringan, yang membuatnya mampu<br />memperbaiki secara cepat, menyimpan atau memunculkan kembali,<br />mendistribusikan, dan sharing pembelajaran dan informasi.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.)</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">    </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e-learning dikirimkan kepada pengguna melalui komputer dengan menggunakan standar<br />teknologi internet.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.)</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">    </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e-learning terfokus pada pandangan pembelajaran yang<br />paling luas, solusi pembelajaran yang menggungguli paradikma tradisional dalam pelatihan.</span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PERAN INDUSTRI TI DALAM E-LEARNING</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">E-learning dikembangkan dari perpaduan aspek pembelajaran dan aspek teknologi. Dari sisi teknologi, keberhasilan e-learning mencakup perpaduan aspek teknologi :<br />· Software<br />· Hardware & Networking/communication<br />Secara garis besar, kontribusi atau peran dari perusahaan-perusahaan atau vendor TI terhadap perkembangan implementasi e-learning dapat dikategorikan menjadi dua , yaitu sebagai :</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Technology Provider</span></li><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Service Provider</span></li></ul><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Technology provider di bidang e-learning pun memiliki specialisasi yang berbeda, antara lain :</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pengembang LMS -Learning Management System</span></li></ul><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.Beberapa pengembang LMS di dunia antara lain :</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Web-CT</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li></ul><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Web-CT merupakan salah satu leader di bidang e-learning software di dunia dengan spesialisasi untuk implementasi di institusi pendidikan.</span></div><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">BlackBoard<br />     Dengan aplikasi Academic Suite-nya, Blackboard juga menjadi salah satu      leader aplikasi e-learning untuk institusi pendidikan.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Plateau</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Saba</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> SumTotal</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Docent</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Click2Learn</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TEDS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li><li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RWD, dll </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li></ul><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 3.75pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">E-LEARNING DI ERA GLOBALISASI</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pembelajaran dengan bantuan komputer (PBK) atau Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) merupakan awal mula kemunculan dari e-learning. Dalam era globalisasi seperti sekarang ini, penerapan e-Learning merupakan suatu strategi yang efektif untuk mengejar ketertinggalan bangsa kita dengan bangsa lainnya yang sudah selangkah lebih maju dibidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (iptek), terutama teknologi informasi. Sebagai solusi, e-Learning memiliki keunggulan berupa biaya pengembangan yang lebih murah, lebih baik, serta lebih cepat.<br />* Lebih Murah.<br />metode pembelajaran secara e-Learning tidak mengharuskan peserta kegiatan belajar mengajar menghadiri suatu ruang tertentu, tidak diperlukan keberadaan ataupun penyediaan seorang tutor.<br />* Lebih Baik.<br /> metode pembelajaran secara e-Learning tidak menetapkan seorang peserta sebagai bagian dari seluruh peserta lainnya mengikuti cara belajar teman-teman lainnya. Hal ini, jelas sekali membuat mereka yang memiliki intelegensia tinggi dapat mempelajari subjek masalah yang ingin dipelajari secara lebih mendalam dan dapat lebih banyak lagi mendapatkan informasi yang menarik.<br />*Lebih Cepat.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">asalkan peserta tersebut memiliki hak akses perangkat teknologi informasi (misalnya komputer), </span></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">dengan cepat ia akan segera mendapatkan informasi yang dicarinya, bahkan tanpa disadiri ia mungkin akan mendapatkan informasi jauh melebihi dari apa yang ia cari. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span> <br /><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kesimpulan</span></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />Peningkatan mutu pendidikan dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan ICT dalam pembelajaran. Proses pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan ICT diyakini dapat mempermudah pemahaman materi pelajaran. Yang diperlukan untuk tujuan tersebut adalah bagaimana usaha sekolah agar memiliki infrastruktur dibidang ICT dan bagaimana usaha-usaha yang harus dilakukan untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme guru dalam memanfaatkan ICT dalam proses pembelajaran.</span></div><span style="color: #323232; font-family: ""Franklin Gothic Medium"","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; text-transform: uppercase;"></span></div>

Pengertian Keunggulan Manfaat Kekurangan & Kendala E-Learning

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Pengertian Keunggulan Manfaat Kekurangan & Kendala E-Learning

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